Worldwide genetic variability of the rs1861868 SNP in the FTO gene associated with obesity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/dm2024453Keywords:
FTO, Obesity, Genetic Variability, rs1861868Abstract
Introduction: genetic predisposition to obesity is linked to an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure, regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems. The FTO gene variants significantly impact obesity susceptibility in different populations. The objective of the research was to analyze the genetic variability of the SNP rs1861868 in the FTO gene and its association with obesity in various populations.
Method: genotype data from 1000 Genomes and allele frequencies from ALFRED were analyzed. Moran's I assessed spatial autocorrelation, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested using VCFtools, and ANOVA compared risk allele frequencies across continents.
Results: Moran's I indicated no significant spatial autocorrelation globally, but higher concentrations of the risk allele were observed in Europe. ANOVA showed significant differences in risk allele frequencies among continents, with Europe having the highest frequency. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed within macro populations but not globally.
Conclusions: regional variations significantly impact the distribution of the rs1861868 (T) risk allele. Evolutionary, historical, and demographic are candidate factors that shaped the genetic landscape of the FTO gene related to obesity
References
1. Gadde KM, Martin CK, Berthoud HR, Heymsfield SB. Obesity: pathophysiology and management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(1):69-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.011
2. Dobson R, Burgess MI, Sprung VS, et al. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity: differential effects on myocardial function according to metabolic syndrome, rather than obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40(1):153-161. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.151
3. Pasqua T, Cerra MC, Angelone T. Mechanisms and pathophysiology of obesity: upgrading a complex scenario. Curr Med Chem. 2020;27(2):172-173. https://doi.org/10.2174/092986732702200218123007
4. Fawcett KA, Barroso I. The genetics of obesity: FTO leads the way. Trends Genet. 2010;26(6):266-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2010.02.006
5. Zayani N, Omezzine A, Boumaiza I, et al. Association of ADIPOQ, leptin, LEPR, and resistin polymorphisms with obesity parameters in Hammam Sousse Sahloul Heart Study. J Clin Lab Anal. 2017;31(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22148
6. Tönjes A, Zeggini E, Kovacs P, Böttcher Y, Schleinitz D, Dietrich K, et al. Association of FTO variants with BMI and fat mass in the self-contained population of Sorbs in Germany. Eur J Hum Genet. 2010;18(1):104-110. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2009.107
7. Villalobos-Comparán M, Flores-Dorantes MT, Villarreal-Molina MT, Rodríguez-Cruz M, García-Ulloa AC, Robles L, et al. The FTO gene is associated with adulthood obesity in the Mexican population. Obesity. 2008;16(10):2296-2301. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.367
8. Zavattari P, Loche A, Pilia S, Ibba A, Moi L, Guzzetti C, et al. Rs9939609 in the FTO gene is associated with obesity but not with several biochemical parameters in Sardinian obese children: FTO in obese Sardinian children. Ann Hum Genet. 2011;75(6):648-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2011.00674.x
9. Liu Y, Liu Z, Song Y, Zhou D, Zhang D, Zhao T, et al. Meta-analysis added power to identify variants in FTO associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity in the Asian population. Obesity. 2010;18(8):1619-1624. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.469
10. Song Y, You NC, Hsu YH, Howard BV, Langer RD, Manson JE, et al. FTO polymorphisms are associated with obesity but not diabetes risk in postmenopausal women. Obesity. 2008;16(11):2472-2480. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.408
11. Tanofsky-Kraff M, Han JC, Anandalingam K, Shomaker LB, Columbo KM, Wolkoff LE, et al. The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(6):1483-1488. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28439
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Sergio V. Flores, Ángel Roco-Videla, Joel Antonio Herrera-Soto, Marcela Caviedes-Olmos, Román M. Montaña (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
