Transformation and digital challenges in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the educational sector between 2020 and 2023: Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/dm2024232Keywords:
Technological Transformation, Pandemic, COVID-19, Digital Challenges, Educational SectorAbstract
Introduction: digital transformation in the Peruvian educational sector has experienced a significant boost after facing the COVID-19 pandemic. During the period between 2020 and 2023, various innovative methods have been implemented to ensure the continuity of the academic year.
Objective: explain how the digital transformation was carried out in the Peruvian educational sector after facing the COVID-19 pandemic to the present (2020 – 2023).
Method: examples from many institutions, statistical studies and scientific and technological references were taken into account to achieve the objective. Throughout this work we are analyzing the different and innovative methods used by teachers to provide continuity to the academic year and how digital challenges were overcome.
Results: 78 documents from Scopus and Scielo were reviewed, leaving 62 after filtering. These cover 8 categories on the impact of the pandemic on education, the transition to online teaching, job skills, challenges and advantages of virtual education, innovation in higher education, educational evaluation in virtual environments, educational internationalization and challenges for teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions: in conclusion, the digital transformation in the Peruvian educational sector after the COVID-19 pandemic has been fundamental to guarantee the continuity of the teaching-learning process
References
1. Rodríguez Ramirez A, Garcia Molano JL, Castrillón Peralta M. La transformación digital, un desafío inmediato ocasionado por la pandemia de Covid-19 para las entidades del sector de educación superior. Boletín Redipe [Internet]. 2021; 10(6):318–34. Available from: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8116467&info=resumen&idioma=ENG
2. Peniche Cetzal R, Ramón Mac C, Guzmán Ramírez C, Mora Osuna N. Factores que Afectan el Desempeño Docente en Centros de Alta y Baja Eficacia en México. REICE Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación [Internet]. 2020 Mar; 18(2):77–95. Available from: https://revistas.uam.es/reice/article/view/reice2020.18.2.004
3. Chanto Espinoza CL, Mora Peralta M. De la presencialidad a la virtualidad ante la pandemia de la Covid-19: impacto en docentes universitarios. Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria [Internet]. 2021 Nov 24; 15(2):1–16. Available from: https://revistas.upc.edu.pe/index.php/docencia/article/view/1342/1405
4. Alshamsi A, Mohaidat J, Hinai N Al, Samy A. Instructional and Business Continuity Amid and Beyond COVID-19 Outbreak: A Case Study from the Higher Colleges of Technology. International Journal of Higher Education [Internet]. 2020 Sep 18; 9(6):118–35. Available from: https://www.sciedupress.com/journal/index.php/ijhe/article/view/18288
5. Mory Chiparra WE, Calla Vasquez KM, Espinoza Casco RJ, Trujillo Pajuelo ML, Jaramillo Alejos PJ, Morillo Flores J. Disruption Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peruvian University Education. International Journal of Higher Education [Internet]. 2020 Nov 2; 9(9):80–5. Available from: https://www.sciedupress.com/journal/index.php/ijhe/article/view/19374
6. Malaver YYV, Claudio BAM, Ruiz JAZ. Quality of service and user satisfaction of a police station in a district of northern Lima. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2024;2:20–20. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202420.
7. Hidayati D, Saputra WA. Implementation of Online Learning during the Covid-19 Epidemic in Indonesia: Assessment of Higher Education Students’ Use and Implementation of Online Learning Technology. Universal Journal of Educational Research [Internet]. 2020 Oct 1; 8(10):4514–9. Available from: http://www.hrpub.org
8. Nuere S, de Miguel L. The Digital/Technological Connection with COVID-19: An Unprecedented Challenge in University Teaching. Technology, Knowledge and Learning [Internet]. 2021 Dec 1; 26(4):931–43. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10758-020-09454-6
9. Rapanta C, Botturi L, Goodyear P, Guàrdia L, Koole M. Balancing Technology, Pedagogy and the New Normal: Post-pandemic Challenges for Higher Education. Postdigital Science and Education [Internet]. 2021 Oct 1; 3(3):715–42. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42438-021-00249-1
10. Al Freih M. From the Adoption to the Implementation of Online Teaching in a Post-COVID World: Applying Ely’s Conditions of Change Framework. Education Sciences 2022 [Internet]. 2022 Oct 28; 12(11):1–15. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/11/757/htm
11. Llana AJO, Ruiz JAZ, Claudio BAM. Quality of service and citizen satisfaction in a Lima district municipality. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:17–17. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202317
12. Viera EJH, Meléndez NMN, Claudio MCM, Ruiz JAZ. Selection process in the Operations area of a company in the ecological sector. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:13–13. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202313.
13. Garcez A, Silva R, Franco M. Digital transformation shaping structural pillars for academic entrepreneurship: A framework proposal and research agenda. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr) [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1; 27(1):1159–82. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10639-021-10638-5
14. Ma G, Black K, Blenkinsopp J, Charlton H, Hookham C, Pok WF, et al. Higher education under threat: China, Malaysia, and the UK respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education [Internet]. 2022 Jul 4; 52(5):841–57. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03057925.2021.1879479
15. Pursell C, Iiyoshi T. Policy Dialogue: Online Education as Space and Place. Hist Educ Q [Internet]. 2021 Nov 1; 61(4):534–45. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/history-of-education-quarterly/article/policy-dialogue-online-education-as-space-and-place/3EE4220872DD4AA5FC0B14CA0C8F1141
16. Ruiz Ortiz L, Zulueta Veliz Y, Baluja García W, Pérez Mallea I, Montesino Perurena R, Gainza Reyes D. Experiencias de la escuela de posgrado a distancia en tiempos de covid-19. Revista Universidad y Sociedad [Internet]. 2021; 13(6):661–70. Available from: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2218-36202021000600661&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
17. Sergejeva N, Aboltins A, Atslega S. Problems and solutions of acquiring mathematical knowledge at University during COVID-19 crisis. Engineering for rural development [Internet]. 2021; 1(1):1266–71. Available from: https://www.tf.lbtu.lv/conference/proceedings2021/Papers/TF276.pdf
18. Amalia R, Zaiyar M, Fadilah F, Santoso E. Android-Based Learning Environment To Enhance Creative Thinking Mathematics and Self-Efficacy. Journal of Physics [Internet]. 2021 Feb 1; 1764(012133):1–6. Available from: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012133
19. Kelly A, Johnston N, Matthews S. Online self-access learning support during the COVID-19 pandemic: An Australian University case study. SiSal Journal [Internet]. 2020 Sep 1; 11(3):187–98. Available from: https://sisaljournal.org/archives/sep20/kelly_et_al/
20. Marcelo KVG, Claudio BAM, Ruiz JAZ. Impact of Work Motivation on service advisors of a public institution in North Lima. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:11–11. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202311.
21. David BGM, Ruiz ZRZ, Claudio BAM. Transportation management and distribution of goods in a transportation company in the department of Ancash. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:4–4. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa20234.
22. Merkus E, Schafmeister F. The role of in-person tutorials in higher education. Econ Lett. 2021 Apr 1;201(109801):1–4.
23. Nesenbergs K, Abolins V, Ormanis J, Mednis A. Use of Augmented and Virtual Reality in Remote Higher Education: A Systematic Umbrella Review. Educ Sci (Basel) [Internet]. 2020 Dec 31; 11(1):1–12. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/11/1/8/htm
24. Wargo ES, Simmons J. Technology Storylines: A Narrative Analysis of the Rural Education Research. The Rural Educator [Internet]. 2021 Jul 1; 42(2):35–50. Available from: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/ruraleducator/vol42/iss2/5
25. Ward R, Crick T, Davenport JH, Hanna P, Hayes A, Irons A, et al. Using Skills Profiling to Enable Badges and Micro-Credentials to be Incorporated into Higher Education Courses. Journal of Interactive Media in Education [Internet]. 2023; 2023(1):1–22. Available from: https://jime.open.ac.uk/articles/10.5334/jime.807
26. Apostolidis C, Devine A, Jabbar A. From chalk to clicks – The impact of (rapid) technology adoption on employee emotions in the higher education sector. Technol Forecast Soc Change [Internet]. 2022 Sep 1; 182(121860):1–15. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162522003845?via%3Dihub
27. Aveiro-Róbalo TR, Pérez-Del-Vallín V. Gamification for well-being: applications for health and fitness. Gamification and Augmented Reality 2023;1:16–16. https://doi.org/10.56294/gr202316.
28. Habets O, Stoffers J, Van der Heijden B, Peters P. Am I Fit for Tomorrow’s Labor Market? The Effect of Graduates’ Skills Development during Higher Education for the 21st Century’s Labor Market. Sustainability 2020, Vol 12, Page 7746 [Internet]. 2020 Sep 18; 12(18):1–13. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7746/htm
29. Groshen EL, Holzer HJ. Labor Market Trends and Outcomes: What Has Changed since the Great Recession? Sage Journals [Internet]. 2021 Aug 23; 695(1):49–69. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00027162211022326
30. González Bravo L, Nistor N, Castro Ramírez B, Gutiérrez Soto I, Varas Contreras M, Núñez Vives M, et al. Higher education managers’ perspectives on quality management and technology acceptance: A tale of elders, mediators, and working bees in times of Covid-19. Comput Human Behav [Internet]. 2022 Jun 1; 131(107236):1–11. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563222000589?via%3Dihub
31. Nita V, Gut I. The Role of Leadership and Digital Transformation in Higher Education Students’ Work Engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023, Vol 20, Page 5124 [Internet]. 2023 Mar 14; 20(6):1–32. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/6/5124/htm
32. Inastrilla CRA. Data Visualization in the Information Society. Seminars in Medical Writing and Education 2023;2:25-25. https://doi.org/10.56294/mw202325.
33. Antonopoulou K, Begkos C, Zhu Z. Staying afloat amidst extreme uncertainty: A case study of digital transformation in Higher Education. Technol Forecast Soc Change [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1; 192(122603):1–16. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162523002883?via%3Dihub
34. Magunje C, Chigona A. E-learning policy and technology enhanced flexible curriculum delivery in developing contexts: A Critical Discourse Analysis. Critical Studies in Teaching and Learning (CriSTaL) [Internet]. 2021 Dec 3; 9(2):83–104. Available from: https://cristal.ac.za/index.php/cristal/article/view/447
35. Suing A, Arrobo Agila JP, Coronado Otavalo X, Galarza Ligña V, Reascos Trujillo A. Audiovisual Competences in Times of COVID-19: The Role of Educational Actors in Media and Digital Learning of Adolescents. Sustainability 2023 [Internet]. 2023 Apr 6; 15(7):1–26. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/6323/htm
36. Gonzalez-Argote J. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Studies in Modeling and Simulation: Insights from Scopus. Gamification and Augmented Reality 2023;1:5–5. https://doi.org/10.56294/gr20235.
37. Frank M, Ricci E. Education for sustainability: Transforming school curricula. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:3–3. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa20233.
38. Salazar GCL, Medina MFM, Claudio BAM, Ruiz JAZ. Product quality and profitability at masisa. Southern Perspective / Perspectiva Austral 2023;1:14–14. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202314.
39. Patiño A, Ramírez Montoya MS, Buenestado Fernández M. Active learning and education 4.0 for complex thinking training: analysis of two case studies in open education. Smart Learning Environments [Internet]. 2023 Dec 1; 10(1):1–21. Available from: https://slejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40561-023-00229-x
40. Van Wyk B. New Kids on the Block? Exploring technological preferences of a new generation. European Conference on e-Learning [Internet]. 2022 Oct 21; 21(1):432–7. Available from: https://papers.academic-conferences.org/index.php/ecel/article/view/446
41. Salas DA, Criollo P, Ramirez AD. The Role of Higher Education Institutions in the Implementation of Circular Economy in Latin America. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 Aug 31; 13(17):1–27. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/17/9805/htm
42. Rodríguez FAR, Flores LG, Vitón-Castillo AA. Artificial intelligence and machine learning: present and future applications in health sciences. Seminars in Medical Writing and Education 2022;1:9-9. https://doi.org/10.56294/mw20229.
43. Núñez Valdés K, Quirós y Alpera S, Cerdá Suárez LM. An Institutional Perspective for Evaluating Digital Transformation in Higher Education: Insights from the Chilean Case. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 Sep 2; 13(17):1–27. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/17/9850/htm
44. Barrera Verdugo G. The link between social media exposure and students’ moral reasoning and environmental concern: A generational analysis in Chile. Cogent Soc Sci [Internet]. 2023 Dec 31; 9(1):1–26. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23311886.2023.2167570
45. Karataş K, Şentürk C, Teke A. The Mediating Role of Self-Directed Learning Readiness in the Relationship Between Teaching-Learning Conceptions and Lifelong Learning Tendencies. Australian Journal of Teacher Education [Internet]. 2021 Jan 1; 46(6):5–77. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol46/iss6/4
46. Kassem HS, Ismail H, Ghoneim YA. Assessment of Institutional Linkages and Information Flow within the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation: Case of Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Sustainability [Internet]. 2022 May 24; 14(11):1–26. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/11/6415/htm
47. Ortiz Martínez G, Vázquez Villegas P, Ruiz Cantisani MI, Delgado Fabián M, Conejo Márquez DA, Membrillo Hernández J. Analysis of the retention of women in higher education STEM programs. Humanit Soc Sci Commun [Internet]. 2023 Mar 11; 10(1):1–14. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-023-01588-z
48. Barrios CJC, Hereñú MP, Francisco SM. Augmented reality for surgical skills training, update on the topic. Gamification and Augmented Reality 2023;1:8–8. https://doi.org/10.56294/gr20238.
49. Oleksiyenko A V., Liu J. Internationalization of Higher Education in the Greater Bay Area: The Role of World-Class Universities and Regional Innovation. Journal of Higher Education Policy And Leadership Studies [Internet]. 2022 Dec 10; 3(4):50–64. Available from: http://johepal.com/article-1-278-en.html
50. Qi D, Ali A, Li T, Chen YC, Tan J. An empirical analysis of the impact of higher education on economic growth: The case of China. Front Psychol [Internet]. 2022 Aug 18; 13(959026):1–11. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959026/full
51. Pantoja Burbano MJ, Lucero Ayala NJ, Alvarez Hernandez S del R, Enriquez Chuga JF. Educación y pandemia: desafío para los docentes de educación básica superior y bachillerato de la ciudad de Ibarra, Ecuador. Conrado [Internet]. 2021; 17(81):307–13. Available from: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1990-86442021000400307
52. Flavin M. Disruptive innovation, the episteme and technology-enhanced learning in higher education. Prometheus [Internet]. 2021 Jun 1; 37(2):155–69. Available from: https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.13169/prometheus.37.2.0155
53. Sacală MD, Pătărlăgeanu SR, Popescu MF, Constantin M. Econometric research of the mix of factors influencing first-year students’ dropout decision at the faculty of agri-food and enviromental economics. Econ Comput Econ Cybern Stud Res [Internet]. 2021; 55(3):1–18. Available from: https://ecocyb.ase.ro/nr2021_3/13.%20M.%20Sacala%20pdf.pdf
54. Davidescu AAM, Nae TM, Florescu MS. Exploring the Moderation and Mediation Effects in Addressing the Main Determinants of Income Inequalities in Supporting Quality of Life: Insights from CEE Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [Internet]. 2022 Jul 13; 19(14):1–28. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/14/8555/htm
55. De Vries P. The Ethical Dimension of Emerging Technologies in Engineering Education. Education Sciences 2022 [Internet]. 2022 Oct 27; 12(754):1–11. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/12/11/754/htm
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Anali Alvarado-Acosta, Jesús Fernández-Saavedra, Brian Meneses-Claudio (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
